Doctors say that smoking cigarettes is the main cause of adverse outcomes for babies. Cigarettes contain around 4000 chemicals which include fatal chemicals like cyanide, lead and 60 other cancer causing substances. The toxic material gets into the bloodstream of the mother when she smokes and deprives the baby of oxygen and nutrients. Nicotine and carbon-monoxide are the deadliest of the chemicals present. They together decrease the supply of oxygen to the baby. When a woman smokes the nicotine narrows the blood vessels in the body including the umbilical cord. This reduces the oxygen supplied to the baby. To top it up, the carbon monoxide in the mother’s body combines with the red blood cells replacing oxygen and thus further reduces the amount of oxygen carried to the baby.
The lack of oxygen supplied to the baby has major adverse effects on the baby’s growth and development. It leads to complications like stillbirth, premature delivery and low birth weight. Premature babies have underdeveloped bodies. Their lungs are not fully developed and hence they might not be able to breathe on their own and are put on respirators. These babies may have continued breathing problems due to the effects of nicotine. They are also highly vulnerable to asthma and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The baby’s brain also gets affected and they tend to develop learning disorders, behavioral problems and relatively low IQs.
It is very important that women quit smoking before conceiving or at least after getting pregnant. There are a number of Ways to stop smoking , but it is not that easy especially after one conceives. They should talk to their doctor and get support from their partner and the people around them.
